Patton J F, Vogel J A
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984 Oct;16(5):494-7. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198410000-00013.
The purposes of this study were to assess VO2max and submaximal endurance time to exhaustion (ET) during acute cold-air exposure. Eight male subjects (means age = 19.9 yr) were alternately exposed in groups of four to chamber temperatures of +20 degrees C and -20 degrees C for 30 h each. A week was allowed between exposures. Maximum oxygen uptake was measured using a mechanically-braked cycle ergometer, and ET was determined on the same ergometer using a 17-min/3-min exercise/rest schedule until the subject was unable to maintain pedal rate. Maximum oxygen uptake was not significantly different between conditions: 3.43 +/- 0.09 l X min-1 at +20 degrees C and 3.35 +/- 0.10 l X min-1 at -20 degrees C. During endurance exercise, intensities equaled 77.1 +/- 1.4% and 78.9 +/- 2.0% of VO2max at +20 degrees C and -20 degrees C, respectively. Heart rate and VO2 values obtained between 8 and 10 min of the endurance run were not significantly different (156 +/- 2 bpm and 2.63 +/- 0.08 l X min-1 at +20 degrees C and 158 +/- 3 bpm and 2.65 +/- 0.11 l X min-1 at -20 degrees C). Endurance time to exhaustion however, decreased 38% (P less than 0.05) from 111.9 +/- 22.8 min at +20 degrees C to 66.9 +/- 13.6 min at -20 degrees C. The data support the contention that aerobic capacity is not altered by cold exposure but suggest a marked decrease in submaximal endurance performance.
本研究的目的是评估急性冷空气暴露期间的最大摄氧量（VO2max）和次最大耐力疲劳时间（ET）。八名男性受试者（平均年龄=19.9岁）分成四人一组，交替暴露于+20℃和-20℃的室内温度下，每次暴露30小时。两次暴露之间间隔一周。使用机械制动的自行车测力计测量最大摄氧量，并在同一测力计上采用17分钟/3分钟运动/休息时间表测定ET，直到受试者无法维持蹬踏速率。不同条件下的最大摄氧量无显著差异：+20℃时为3.43±0.09升×分钟-1，-20℃时为3.35±0.10升×分钟-1。在耐力运动期间，+20℃和-20℃时的运动强度分别相当于VO2max的77.1±1.4%和78.9±2.0%。耐力跑8至10分钟期间测得的心率和VO2值无显著差异（+20℃时为156±2次/分钟和2.63±0.08升×分钟-1，-20℃时为158±3次/分钟和2.65±0.11升×分钟-1）。然而，耐力疲劳时间从+20℃时的111.9±22.8分钟降至-20℃时的66.9±13.6分钟，下降了38%（P<0.05）。这些数据支持了冷暴露不会改变有氧能力的观点，但表明次最大耐力表现显著下降。
