Greksa L P, Spielvogel H, Paredes-Fernandez L, Paz-Zamora M, Caceres E
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1984 Nov;65(3):315-22. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330650312.
The physical growth of urban Aymara children residing in La Paz, Bolivia (3,600 m) is described and compared with Amerindian children residing at low and high altitudes and with low-altitude U.S. children. The sample consists of 227 males (10.6-19.7 yr) and 219 females (11.2-19.8 yr). The urban La Paz children were taller at all ages than rural high altitude Amerindian children but similar in stature to urban high altitude children from Peru. The variation in stature among the high altitude populations was considerable, amounting to average differences between the tallest and shortest samples of about 10 cm in males and 8 cm in females. In addition, stature in the two urban high altitude samples was similar to that of rural low-altitude Amerindians. This overlapping of the distributions of stature in high- and low-altitude populations could easily confound comparisons designed to determine the effects of hypoxia on physical growth. La Paz Aymara children had considerably smaller chest sizes relative to stature than high-altitude Quechua children. However, the available data indicates that relative chest sizes are similar in Aymara and Quechua adults, suggesting that the process by which large chests are achieved may differ between these Andean populations.
本文描述了居住在玻利维亚拉巴斯（海拔3600米）的艾马拉族城市儿童的身体发育情况，并将其与居住在低海拔和高海拔地区的美洲印第安儿童以及低海拔的美国儿童进行了比较。样本包括227名男性（10.6 - 19.7岁）和219名女性（11.2 - 19.8岁）。拉巴斯的城市儿童在各个年龄段都比农村高海拔地区的美洲印第安儿童高，但身高与秘鲁的城市高海拔儿童相似。高海拔人群的身高差异相当大，最高和最矮样本之间的平均差异在男性中约为10厘米，女性中约为8厘米。此外，两个城市高海拔样本的身高与农村低海拔美洲印第安人的身高相似。高海拔和低海拔人群身高分布的这种重叠很容易混淆旨在确定缺氧对身体发育影响的比较。与高海拔的克丘亚儿童相比,拉巴斯的艾马拉儿童相对于身高的胸围要小得多。然而，现有数据表明，艾马拉人和克丘亚成年人的相对胸围相似，这表明在这些安第斯人群中，形成大胸围的过程可能有所不同。
