Greksa L P, Spielvogel H, Paz-Zamora M, Caceres E, Paredes-Fernández L
Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1988 Jan;75(1):77-85. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330750109.
The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV), and ratio of FEV to FVC (%FEV) of 161 male and 158 female youths of European ancestry who were born at high altitudes and who were residing in La Paz, Bolivia (average altitude of 3,600 m) were examined and compared with those for lowland Europeans and highland Aymara Amerindians. FVC and FEV were significantly larger (p less than .001) in the La Paz Europeans than in two lowland control samples of European ancestry, with the relative differences between samples varying from small (1.5-4.1%) to moderate (7.7-11.9%). It could not be determined whether the enhanced lung volumes of the La Paz European children were acquired through an accelerated development of lung volumes relative to stature during adolescence, as is the case for Amerindian highlanders. After controlling for body and chest size, FVC and FEV were significantly smaller in the La Paz Europeans than in highland Aymara (p less than .001), suggesting that the lung volumes of the Aymara are influenced by factors other than simply growth and development at high altitude. Finally, as found in Amerindians, chest size is an important determinant of intra-individual variation in lung function among highland Europeans.
对161名出生在高海拔地区、居住在玻利维亚拉巴斯（平均海拔3600米）的欧洲裔男性青年和158名欧洲裔女性青年的用力肺活量（FVC）、一秒用力呼气量（FEV）以及FEV与FVC的比值（%FEV）进行了检测，并与低地欧洲人和高原艾马拉美洲印第安人的相应指标进行了比较。拉巴斯的欧洲人的FVC和FEV显著大于两个欧洲裔低地对照样本（p<0.001），样本之间的相对差异从小（1.5 - 4.1%）到中等（7.7 - 11.9%）不等。无法确定拉巴斯欧洲儿童增加的肺容量是否像美洲印第安高原居民那样，是通过青春期肺容量相对于身高的加速发育获得的。在控制了身体和胸部尺寸后，拉巴斯欧洲人的FVC和FEV显著小于高原艾马拉人（p<0.001），这表明艾马拉人的肺容量受除了高海拔地区简单的生长发育之外的其他因素影响。最后，正如在美洲印第安人中发现的那样，胸部尺寸是高原欧洲人个体肺功能差异的一个重要决定因素。
