Blom H, Schmidt J F, Rytlander M
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984 Dec;28(6):652-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1984.tb02139.x.
Sixty children, aged 1-12 years, were investigated with regard to gastric pH and volume before general anaesthesia. Thirty children (group D) received diazepam 0.75 mg/kg b.w. rectally 1 h before anaesthesia. Thirty children (group L) received a "lytic cocktail" (pethidine 28 mg, promethazine 7 mg, chlorpromazine 7 mg per ml) 0.05 ml/kg b.w. intramuscularly 1 h before anaesthesia. The pH values were significantly higher and the amount of gastric juice was significantly lower in group L compared to group D. The number of children in group L with gastric juice volume exceeding 0.4 ml/kg and the number of children with pH less than 2.5 was significantly smaller compared to group D. The number of children with both gastric pH less than 2.5 and gastric juice volume greater than 0.4 ml/kg was significantly smaller in the group receiving "lytic cocktail" intramuscularly compared to the group receiving diazepam rectally. Bile-stained gastric contents was not related to the gastric pH.
对60名1至12岁的儿童在全身麻醉前进行了胃pH值和胃容量的研究。30名儿童（D组）在麻醉前1小时经直肠给予0.75 mg/kg体重的地西泮。30名儿童（L组）在麻醉前1小时肌肉注射0.05 ml/kg体重的“安定镇痛合剂”（每毫升含哌替啶28 mg、异丙嗪7 mg、氯丙嗪7 mg）。与D组相比，L组的pH值显著更高，胃液量显著更低。与D组相比，L组胃液量超过0.4 ml/kg的儿童数量以及pH值低于2.5的儿童数量显著更少。与经直肠给予地西泮的组相比，肌肉注射“安定镇痛合剂”的组中胃pH值低于2.5且胃液量大于0.4 ml/kg的儿童数量显著更少。胆汁染色的胃内容物与胃pH值无关。
