Ahn N C, Andersen G W, Thomsen A, Valentin N
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1981 Apr;25(2):158-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1981.tb01627.x.
With the purpose of avoiding injections to children, the quality of rectal premedication with a solution of diazepam (Apozepam) was investigated in a double-blind study. Compared with a lytic cocktail (containing pethidine, promethazine and chlorpromazine), adequate preanaesthetic sedation was obtained with rectally administered diazepam in a dose of 0.75 mg kg-1. However, following rectal diazepam, the majority of the children were very restless during recovery, but the combination of diazepam premedications and a small dose of lytic cocktail given i.m. during anaesthesia secured a smooth recovery in practically all children. The proportion of cases classified as "unsatisfactory' was higher in children below the age of 5 years than in the older children.
为避免给儿童注射，在一项双盲研究中对直肠给予地西泮溶液（阿普唑仑）进行术前用药的质量进行了调查。与一种含哌替啶、异丙嗪和氯丙嗪的溶积性混合麻醉剂相比，直肠给予剂量为0.75毫克/千克的地西泮可获得充分的麻醉前镇静效果。然而，直肠给予地西泮后，大多数儿童在苏醒过程中非常躁动，但地西泮术前用药与麻醉期间肌肉注射小剂量溶积性混合麻醉剂相结合，确保了几乎所有儿童都能平稳苏醒。5岁以下儿童中分类为“不满意”的病例比例高于年龄较大的儿童。
