Gekoski M J, Fagen J W
Child Dev. 1984 Dec;55(6):2226-33.
2 experiments assessed the effects of prior noncontingent or familiarization experience on subsequent operant conditioning (kick-produced mobile movement) in young infants. In Experiment 1, infants received either long- or short-term noncontingent exposure to their own rotating mobile or simply viewed this mobile for several days while it remained motionless. In Experiment 2, long-term exposure was provided by the same novel mobile used for subsequent training. In both experiments, prior noncontingent experience did not interfere with subsequent conditioning. In Experiment 2, however, simple long-term familiarization with the training mobile precluded "evidence" of learning. The results indicated that infants develop expectancies regarding how stimuli occurring in particular contexts should behave based on their prior experiences with these stimuli.
两项实验评估了先前的非偶然性或熟悉化经历对婴儿随后操作性条件反射（踢动产生的移动运动）的影响。在实验1中，婴儿接受了对自己旋转的移动装置的长期或短期非偶然性接触，或者只是在移动装置静止时观看了几天。在实验2中，长期接触是通过用于后续训练的同一个新颖移动装置进行的。在两个实验中，先前的非偶然性经历都没有干扰随后的条件反射。然而，在实验2中，对训练移动装置的简单长期熟悉排除了学习的“证据”。结果表明，婴儿基于他们先前对这些刺激的经历，形成了关于特定情境中出现的刺激应如何表现的预期。
