Sullivan M W
Child Dev. 1982 Apr;53(2):516-23.
3-month-old infants, trained to produce movement in an overhead crib mobile by footkicking, showed no evidence of remembering the learned association during a cued recall test 14 days later. Infants who received a reactivation treatment 24 hours prior to the 2-week retention test, however, performed at a level not different from that observed immediately following training. A reactivation treatment administered to a group of infants without prior training did not enhance responding during the retention session 24 hours later. Different measures of retention that have previously been used with 3-month-olds were differentially sensitive to the reminder procedure. The finding that forgotten memories can be remembered through a "prior cuing" procedure illustrates that much of the forgetting of young infants may be attributable to failures in retrieval, rather than to failure in encoding or storage (i.e., memory deficits) as has previously been assumed.
3个月大的婴儿通过踢脚训练在头顶婴儿床活动装置中产生动作，在14天后的线索回忆测试中，没有表现出记住所学关联的迹象。然而，在为期2周的记忆保持测试前24小时接受再激活治疗的婴儿，其表现水平与训练后立即观察到的水平没有差异。对一组未经事先训练的婴儿进行再激活治疗，在24小时后的记忆保持阶段并没有增强反应。以前用于3个月大婴儿的不同记忆保持测量方法对提示程序的敏感度不同。被遗忘的记忆可以通过“预先提示”程序被记住这一发现表明，幼儿的许多遗忘可能归因于提取失败，而不是像以前所认为的那样归因于编码或存储失败（即记忆缺陷）。
