Matsumoto K
Sangyo Igaku. 1984 Jul;26(4):315-24. doi: 10.1539/joh1959.26.315.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of consecutive night shifts upon various types of sleep. The subjects studied were 9 guards who usually worked on an alternate-day shift system. The nighttime nap EEG (3:00-6:30) during the 24-hr on-duty period was recorded, and then the subsequent day sleep EEG (11:00 to spontaneous awakening) and recovery night sleep (23:00 to spontaneous awakening) were also measured. These records were made for the nap, day sleep and recovery night under two different sets of conditions. The first was for the usual shift cycle (U), i.e. 24 hr duty (10:00-10:00)----off duty----24 hr duty----off duty. The other was for consecutive night shifts (CN) with overtime work (18:00-10:00) performed on the normal off day, i.e. 24 hr duty----8 hr off duty----40 hr duty----off duty. The results were as follows: There was no difference between U and CN conditions concerning time in bed and total sleep time in the nighttime nap, day sleep and recovery night. However, the total time of daytime sleep was significantly shortened under both U and CN conditions, as compared with the control night. The amount of REM sleep in the CN condition for both the nighttime nap and day sleep was significantly greater than in the U condition. In the recovery night, REM sleep continued to be slightly greater for the CN condition than for the U condition. Slow wave sleep (SWS) in the CN condition was slightly greater than in the U condition for the nighttime nap and day sleep, but in the recovery night, no difference was observed between the two conditions. In the U condition, the sleep onset REM period (SOREMP) was observed in 2 of the 9 cases, but only during the day sleep. In the CN condition, however, it occurred in 5 subjects during the nighttime nap, in 4 during the day sleep, and in 2 during the recovery night. The REM sleep latency in the CN condition thus tended to be diminished in each type of sleep compared with that in the U condition, but a significant difference between the two conditions was observed only in the nighttime nap. It is believed that the increase in the amount of REM sleep and in the frequency of SOREMP might be due to the repeated pattern of sleep loss and shortened periods of sleep during consecutive night shifts of prolonged duty, with partial sleep deprivation resulting from lack of REM sleep.
本研究的目的是调查连续夜班对各类睡眠的影响。研究对象为9名通常实行隔日轮班制的警卫。记录了他们在24小时值班期间的夜间小睡脑电图（3:00 - 6:30），随后还测量了次日的睡眠脑电图（11:00至自然觉醒）和恢复性夜间睡眠（23:00至自然觉醒）。这些记录是在两种不同条件下针对小睡、日间睡眠和恢复性夜间睡眠进行的。第一种是正常轮班周期（U），即24小时值班（10:00 - 10:00）——休息——24小时值班——休息。另一种是连续夜班（CN），在正常休息日加班工作（18:00 - 10:00），即24小时值班——8小时休息——40小时值班——休息。结果如下：在小睡、日间睡眠和恢复性夜间睡眠中，U和CN两种条件下的卧床时间和总睡眠时间没有差异。然而，与对照夜间相比，U和CN两种条件下的日间睡眠总时长均显著缩短。在CN条件下，夜间小睡和日间睡眠的快速眼动睡眠量均显著大于U条件。在恢复性夜间，CN条件下的快速眼动睡眠仍略多于U条件。在夜间小睡和日间睡眠中，CN条件下的慢波睡眠略多于U条件，但在恢复性夜间，两种条件之间未观察到差异。在U条件下，9例中有2例出现睡眠起始快速眼动期（SOREMP），但仅在日间睡眠期间。然而，在CN条件下，5名受试者在夜间小睡时出现，4名在日间睡眠时出现，2名在恢复性夜间出现。因此，与U条件相比，CN条件下各类睡眠中的快速眼动睡眠潜伏期均有缩短的趋势，但仅在夜间小睡时两种条件之间观察到显著差异。据信，快速眼动睡眠量的增加和SOREMP频率的增加可能是由于长时间连续夜班中睡眠丧失的重复模式和睡眠时间的缩短，以及因缺乏快速眼动睡眠导致的部分睡眠剥夺所致。
