Hammar M, Berg G, Fåhraeus L, Larsson-Cohn U
Maturitas. 1984 Dec;6(4):345-50. doi: 10.1016/0378-5122(84)90007-0.
A questionnaire on climacteric symptoms was sent to every woman living in the city of Linköping, Sweden (120,000 inhabitants) who was born in 1928 or 1930. Of the 1246 women concerned, 1118 (90%) responded. At the time of the survey, 252 women (23%) were pre-menopausal. In the total sample, 10% had undergone hysterectomy and/or bilateral oophorectomy. The median age at natural menopause was 51 yr. Climacteric symptoms were reported by 75% of the women, the predominating complaints being sweating attacks and hot flushes. Vaginal dryness and tenderness were experienced by 30% of the post-menopausal women, the discomfort tending to become more common as the duration of the post-menopausal period lengthened. After the menopause, every third women experienced periods of depression more often than previously. Depression was positively correlated to the severity of the vasomotor symptoms. Fifty percent of the women expressed interest in receiving oestrogen treatment, although only 7% were using oestrogens at the time of the survey. This discrepancy is probably due to widespread apprehension in Swedish society - shared by the doctors - in regard to 'hormonal treatment'.
一份关于更年期症状的调查问卷被寄给了瑞典林雪平市每一位出生于1928年或1930年的女性（该市有12万居民）。在1246名相关女性中，1118名（90%）做出了回应。在调查时，252名女性（23%）处于绝经前状态。在整个样本中，10%的女性接受过子宫切除术和/或双侧卵巢切除术。自然绝经的中位年龄为51岁。75%的女性报告有更年期症状，主要症状是出汗发作和潮热。30%的绝经后女性经历过阴道干燥和压痛，随着绝经后时间的延长，这种不适往往变得更加普遍。绝经后，每三名女性中就有一名比以前更频繁地经历抑郁期。抑郁与血管舒缩症状的严重程度呈正相关。50%的女性表示有兴趣接受雌激素治疗，尽管在调查时只有7%的女性正在使用雌激素。这种差异可能是由于瑞典社会（医生也有这种看法）对“激素治疗”普遍存在担忧。
