Otake M, Schull W J
Br J Radiol. 1984 May;57(677):409-14. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-57-677-409.
The prevalence of mental retardation in children exposed in utero to the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been re-evaluated in reference to gestational age and tissue dose in the fetus. There was no risk at 0-8 weeks post-conception. The highest risk of forebrain damage occurred at 8-15 weeks of gestational age, the time when the most rapid proliferation of neuronal elements and when most, if not all, neuroblast migration to the cerebral cortex from the proliferative zones is occurring. Overall, the risk is five or more times greater in these weeks than in subsequent ones. In the critical period, damage expressed as the frequency of subsequent mental retardation appears to be linearly related to the dose received by the fetus. A linear model is not equally applicable to radiation-related mental retardation after the 15th week, the observed values suggesting that there a threshold may exist. The data are consistent with a probability of occurrence of mental retardation of 0.40% per cGy or 40% per gray.
根据胎儿的孕周和组织剂量，对广岛和长崎原子弹爆炸时子宫内受辐射儿童的智力迟钝患病率进行了重新评估。受孕后0至8周没有风险。前脑损伤的最高风险发生在孕龄8至15周，这是神经元成分增殖最快的时期，也是大多数（如果不是全部）神经母细胞从增殖区迁移到大脑皮层的时期。总体而言，这几周的风险比之后几周高五倍或更多倍。在关键时期，表现为后续智力迟钝频率的损伤似乎与胎儿接受的剂量呈线性关系。线性模型并不同样适用于第15周后的辐射相关智力迟钝，观察值表明可能存在一个阈值。数据表明每厘戈瑞智力迟钝的发生概率为0.40%，即每格雷为40%。
