Cibulka N J
JOGN Nurs. 1983 Mar-Apr;12(2):94-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1983.tb01057.x.
Most of the recent cases of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) reported have occurred in menstruating women and adolescents although some cases have been reported in nonmenstruating women, children, and men. The disease is characterized by sudden onset of high fever, vomiting, and diarrhea and can rapidly progress to hypotension and shock. Tampon use has been linked to development of toxic shock syndrome, and Staphylococcus aureus has been cultured from a significant number of cases. The exact roles played by both Staphylococcus aureus and tampons in the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome remains unknown. Tampons also have been associated with other health problems in women. Nurses can advise preventive measures to reduce the risks of developing toxic shock syndrome and other tampon-related problems.
近期报告的大多数中毒性休克综合征（TSS）病例发生在经期女性和青少年中，不过也有一些病例在非经期女性、儿童和男性中被报道。该疾病的特征是突然高烧、呕吐和腹泻，并可迅速发展为低血压和休克。使用卫生棉条与中毒性休克综合征的发生有关，大量病例中培养出了金黄色葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌和卫生棉条在中毒性休克综合征发病机制中的确切作用尚不清楚。卫生棉条还与女性的其他健康问题有关。护士可以建议采取预防措施，以降低发生中毒性休克综合征和其他与卫生棉条相关问题的风险。
