Pape L G, Forbes M
Am J Ophthalmol. 1978 Apr;85(4):558-66. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75255-9.
We studied a series of 34 eyes in 31 patients in whom retinal detachment occurred during miotic therapy. In 14 eyes, the duration of miotic use before the development of detachment was two months or less. Most detachments occurred in detachment-prone eyes either by virtue of myopia (62%), aphakia (24%), ipsilateral lattice degeneration (38%) or retinal pathology, in the fellow eye (50%). Virtually all detachments were rhegmatogenous. Distributions of retinal breaks are similar to the corresponding profiles in detached eyes not receiving miotics. The observed phenomena may be accounted for mechanistically, either with or without the role of miotics, so a specific causal role cannot be assigned to any given miotic in any given case. However, our data suggest that detachment-prone eyes may be at increased risk with miotic use, and thus demand careful retinal evaluation and prophylaxis when ominous peripheral symptoms are present.
我们研究了31例患者的34只眼睛，这些患者在缩瞳治疗期间发生了视网膜脱离。在14只眼中，脱离发生前缩瞳剂的使用时间为两个月或更短。大多数脱离发生在易发生脱离的眼睛，原因包括近视（62%）、无晶状体（24%）、同侧格子样变性（38%）或对侧眼的视网膜病变（50%）。几乎所有的脱离都是孔源性的。视网膜裂孔的分布与未使用缩瞳剂的脱离眼的相应情况相似。观察到的现象无论缩瞳剂是否起作用，都可以从机制上得到解释，因此在任何给定病例中都不能将特定的因果作用归因于任何一种缩瞳剂。然而，我们的数据表明，易发生脱离的眼睛使用缩瞳剂时风险可能增加，因此当出现不祥的周边症状时，需要仔细的视网膜评估和预防。
