Craven N, Anderson J C
Am J Vet Res. 1983 Apr;44(4):709-12.
The activities of a range of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus organisms that survive within bovine neutrophils in vitro were studied in mice. Cloxacillin, floxacillin, and cephradine failed to kill intracellular staphylococci but increased the organisms' sensitivity to killing by lysostaphin after neutrophil disruption. Fusidate and clindamycin caused an apparent small reduction in viable intraleukocytic S aureus, whereas novobiocin did not demonstrate intracellular activity. Substantial intracellular bactericidal effects were shown in vitro by rifampin and rifamycin SV, even at concentrations in slight excess of the minimum inhibitory concentration. In a mouse model of chronic mastitis, intramammary therapy with rifampin was more effective in reducing viable S aureus in infected glands than was therapy with rifamycin SV.
在小鼠中研究了一系列抗生素对体外存活于牛中性粒细胞内的金黄色葡萄球菌的活性。氯唑西林、氟氯西林和头孢拉定未能杀死细胞内葡萄球菌，但在中性粒细胞破坏后增加了这些细菌对溶葡萄球菌素杀伤的敏感性。夫西地酸和克林霉素使白细胞内活的金黄色葡萄球菌数量明显略有减少，而新生霉素未显示出细胞内活性。利福平及利福霉素SV在体外显示出显著的细胞内杀菌作用，即使其浓度略高于最低抑菌浓度。在慢性乳腺炎的小鼠模型中，乳房内注射利福平治疗在减少感染腺体中活的金黄色葡萄球菌方面比注射利福霉素SV更有效。
