Hammond H K, Froelicher V F
Sports Med. 1984 May-Jun;1(3):234-9. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198401030-00005.
The best available assessment of aerobic capacity is measurement of the consumption of oxygen at maximal dynamic effort. When carefully administered, this measurement is remarkably reproducible. Major sources of error in obtaining this measurement include improper gas collection apparatus, inaccurate flow meters, and failure to correct for water pressure in the expired gas. Obtaining a truly maximal effort in an objective manner is also a major limitation. The protocol used in the measurement is of minor importance although treadmill testing usually gives higher values than stationary bicycling. The cost and inconvenience of direct methods of measurement have made indirect methods attractive; however, these methods give less accurate quantifications of aerobic capacity and are not as useful to the athlete interested in gauging his or her improvement following a chronic exercise programme. Extrapolating data obtained from the laboratory to performance in specific athletic endeavours is tenuous. Of course, elite marathon runners will have high maximal oxygen consumption. But one cannot accurately predict how individual athletes will perform in their events; these measurements do not account for the psychological component so important in athletic performance. Perhaps the best use of the measurement of maximal oxygen consumption in athletes is in assessing the success of training programmes in a longitudinal manner.
对有氧能力的最佳评估方法是在最大动态运动时测量氧气消耗量。如果操作仔细，这种测量具有很高的可重复性。获取该测量值时的主要误差来源包括气体收集装置不当、流量计不准确以及未对呼出气体中的水压进行校正。以客观方式获得真正的最大运动量也是一个主要限制因素。测量中使用的方案不太重要，尽管跑步机测试通常比固定自行车测试得出的值更高。直接测量方法的成本和不便使得间接方法颇具吸引力；然而，这些方法对有氧能力的量化不够准确，对于有兴趣评估长期运动计划后自身进步情况的运动员来说实用性较低。将从实验室获得的数据外推到特定体育项目中的表现是不可靠的。当然，精英马拉松运动员的最大耗氧量会很高。但无法准确预测个体运动员在其项目中的表现；这些测量并未考虑到在运动表现中非常重要的心理因素。或许在运动员中测量最大耗氧量的最佳用途是纵向评估训练计划的成效。
