Design and optimization of multi-stepped waveguide applicators for medical applications.

Modal analysis and scattering matrix concepts at discontinuities have been applied to the design and optimization of open-ended waveguide applicators with several transverse discontinuities. The tissues are simulated by means of two dielectric layers, skin and fat. The results obtained show how important improvements can be obtained in the match between the applicator and the tissues. This method can also be applied to obtain applicators with increased depth of penetration, by controlling the discontinuities of the applicators.