Helmrich S P, Rosenberg L, Kaufman D W, Miller D R, Schottenfeld D, Stolley P D, Shapiro S
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984 Mar;72(3):617-20.
Epidemiologic and laboratory data suggest an effect of oral contraceptives (OC) on the risk of malignant melanoma. This relationship was explored in a hospital-based case-control study of 160 women with malignant melanoma and 640 matched controls, all of whom were white and 20-59 years of age. A total of 63 cases (39%) had used OC compared with 270 controls (42%), yielding a relative risk estimate of 0.9 (95% confidence interval: 0.6-1.3). When a number of potential confounding factors were simultaneously controlled, the relative risk estimate was 0.8 (0.5-1.3). For use that lasted 5 or more years the estimate was 0.9 (0.5-1.6). The level of tumor invasion was not related to OC use. The evidence from this study suggests that OC, even when used for 5 or more years, do not increase the risk of malignant melanoma.
流行病学和实验室数据表明口服避孕药（OC）对恶性黑色素瘤风险有影响。在一项基于医院的病例对照研究中对这种关系进行了探究，该研究纳入了160名患有恶性黑色素瘤的女性和640名匹配对照，所有研究对象均为白人，年龄在20至59岁之间。共有63例病例（39%）使用过OC，而对照中有270例（42%）使用过，相对风险估计值为0.9（95%置信区间：0.6 - 1.3）。当同时控制多个潜在混杂因素时，相对风险估计值为0.8（0.5 - 1.3）。对于使用时间持续5年或更长时间的情况，估计值为0.9（0.5 - 1.6）。肿瘤浸润程度与OC使用无关。这项研究的证据表明，OC即使使用5年或更长时间，也不会增加恶性黑色素瘤的风险。
