Hannaford P C, Villard-Mackintosh L, Vessey M P, Kay C R
Royal College of General Practitioners, Manchester Research Unit, UK.
Br J Cancer. 1991 Mar;63(3):430-3. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1991.99.
Several studies have suggested that prolonged use of oral contraceptives may increase a woman's risk of developing malignant melanoma. In the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study, 31 cases of malignant melanoma (code 172--International Classification of Diseases, 8th Revision) have been reported among ever-users and 27 cases among never-users. The risk ratio (RR) (indirectly standardised for age, parity, social class and smoking) was 0.92 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55-1.54). There was no significant trend with duration of oral contraceptive use, although those women who had used the pill for at least 10 years had an elevated RR of 1.77 (95% CI 0.80-3.90). The Oxford/Family Planning Association Study has recorded 15 cases among ever-users and 17 cases among never-users; the standardised risk ratio was 0.85 (95% CI 0.42-1.70). None of the rates observed in any duration of use category was materially different from those observed in never-users. The results available so far from the two studies suggest that oral contraceptive use is probably not associated with an increased risk of malignant melanoma.
多项研究表明，长期使用口服避孕药可能会增加女性患恶性黑色素瘤的风险。在皇家全科医师学院的口服避孕药研究中，曾经使用过口服避孕药的女性中有31例恶性黑色素瘤（疾病国际分类第8版代码172）报告病例，从未使用过的女性中有27例。风险比（RR）（按年龄、产次、社会阶层和吸烟情况进行间接标准化）为0.92（95%置信区间（CI）0.55 - 1.54）。口服避孕药使用时长方面没有显著趋势，不过那些使用避孕药至少10年的女性RR升高至1.77（95%CI 0.80 - 3.90）。牛津/计划生育协会研究记录到曾经使用过口服避孕药的女性中有15例，从未使用过的女性中有17例；标准化风险比为0.85（95%CI 0.42 - 1.70）。在任何使用时长类别中观察到的发病率与从未使用者中观察到的发病率均无实质性差异。到目前为止，这两项研究的结果表明，使用口服避孕药可能与恶性黑色素瘤风险增加无关。
