Phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth in institutionalized epileptics.

In a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth in 77 institutionalized persons with epilepsy, the severity of the gum lesions was quantified by means of a precise new technique. Lesion severity was then compared statistically to other clinical and laboratory parameters. Positive correlations were detected between overgrowth severity and gingival inflammation, probing depths, calculus accumulation, plaque score and the measurement gingival margin to mucogingival junction (GM-MGJ). No correlation was observed between lesion severity and patients age, daily drug dosage, plasma or saliva phenytoin level, or salivary concentration of the major phenytoin metabolite.