Geddis D C
N Z Med J. 1984 Apr 11;97(753):223-6.
Pre-school drownings are a common cause of death and nearly all occur within the child's everyday environment. This study is the first attempt to (a) determine the rate of exposure of a nationwide sample of 8430 New Zealand children aged 1-3 years, to water hazards in their everyday environment and (b) obtain the number of potential drowning accidents suffered by the sample since birth. Sixty percent of the children were exposed to one and usually several, water hazards. Domestic swimming pools were the single most common hazard (39%). Sixty-three percent of these pools had no safety features. Eight-eight percent of the children's parents supported the mandatory fencing of domestic pools. Since birth, 734 of the children had experienced a total of 867 water accidents where but for a chance finding drowning could have resulted. Medical treatment was sought for 10%. Forty-eight percent occurred in a bath or a domestic swimming pool.
学前儿童溺水是常见的死亡原因，几乎所有溺水事件都发生在儿童的日常环境中。本研究首次尝试：(a) 确定新西兰全国8430名1至3岁儿童样本在日常环境中接触水患的比例；(b) 统计该样本自出生以来可能遭遇的溺水事故数量。60%的儿童接触到一种且通常是几种水患。家庭游泳池是最常见的单一水患（39%）。其中63%的游泳池没有安全设施。88%的儿童家长支持对家庭游泳池实行强制围栏措施。自出生以来，734名儿童共经历了867次水上事故，若不是偶然发现，这些事故都可能导致溺水。10%的事故寻求了医疗救治。48%的事故发生在浴缸或家庭游泳池中。
