Hodge S E
Genet Epidemiol. 1984;1(2):109-22. doi: 10.1002/gepi.1370010203.
In a sibship of size s, s(s-1)/2 sib pairs can be formed, but these pairs are statistically dependent when s greater than 2. This study examines how much independent information is obtained when all possible pairs are used to evaluate the sharing of genes identical by descent. A logarithmic measure of information, sigma pilog2pi [Shannon, 1948], is used. The basic unit of information is the binomial "bit," or the amount of information in the toss of a fair coin. It is shown that a single independent sib pair contains 1.5 bits. The complete sibship contains a total of 2s-3+(1/2)s-1 bits, or (2s-3+(1/2)s-1)/1.5 pair-equivalents of information. The information is reduced if all sib genotypes do not occur with equal probability.
在一个大小为s的同胞组中，可以形成s(s - 1)/2个同胞对，但当s大于2时，这些对在统计上是相关的。本研究考察了在使用所有可能的对来评估同源相同基因的共享时，能获得多少独立信息。使用了信息的对数度量，即sigma pilog2pi[香农，1948年]。信息的基本单位是二项式“比特”，即抛一枚均匀硬币时的信息量。结果表明，单个独立同胞对包含1.5比特。完整的同胞组总共包含2s - 3 + (1/2)s - 1比特，即(2s - 3 + (1/2)s - 1)/1.5个对等信息对。如果所有同胞基因型出现的概率不相等，信息就会减少。
