Guilmette R A, Diel J H, Muggenburg B A, Mewhinney J A, Boecker B B, McClellan R O
Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 1984 Jun;45(6):563-81. doi: 10.1080/09553008414550841.
This study was designed to measure the effect of aerosol particle size on the deposition, retention, excretion and translocation of 239Pu inhaled as the dioxide by Beagle dogs. To address these questions, young adult male and female Beagle dogs received single brief inhalation exposures to one of three monodisperse aerosols of 239PuO2 having sizes of 0.72, 1.4 or 2.8 microns activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD). Periodic collections of urine and faeces were made for each dog until sacrifice at times ranging from 4 hours to 2 years after exposure. The results indicate long term retention of a substantial percentage of the initial pulmonary burden (IPB), and that the retention was affected by particle size. The percentage of the initial pulmonary lung burden retained in the long term component and its effective half time (TE) were 90 per cent with TE = 680 days for the 0.72 micron AMAD aerosol, 68 per cent with TE = 1400 days for the 1.4 microns AMAD aerosol and 82 per cent with TE = 1800 days for the 2.8 microns AMAD aerosol. The major route of elimination of 239Pu from lung was via the faeces, but significant amounts were also translocated to thoracic lymph nodes (approximately 15 per cent IPB by 2 years). Small amounts were translocated to liver (0.2 per cent IPB) and skeleton (0.1 per cent IPB) by 2 years after exposure. The average alpha-radiation dose to the lung was projected to be twice as large for the 2.8 microns AMAD group as for the 0.72 micron AMAD group at 10 years after exposure.
本研究旨在测定气溶胶粒径对以二氧化物形式吸入的239Pu在比格犬体内的沉积、滞留、排泄和转移的影响。为解决这些问题，年轻成年雄性和雌性比格犬单次短暂吸入暴露于三种单分散239PuO2气溶胶之一，其活性中值空气动力学直径（AMAD）分别为0.72、1.4或2.8微米。在暴露后4小时至2年的不同时间点，对每只犬定期收集尿液和粪便，直至处死。结果表明，初始肺负荷（IPB）的很大一部分会长期滞留，且滞留受粒径影响。对于AMAD为0.72微米的气溶胶，长期组分中滞留的初始肺负荷百分比及其有效半衰期（TE）分别为90%，TE = 680天；对于AMAD为1.4微米的气溶胶，为68%，TE = 1400天；对于AMAD为2.8微米的气溶胶，为82%，TE = 1800天。239Pu从肺部消除的主要途径是通过粪便，但也有相当数量转移至胸段淋巴结（暴露2年后约为IPB的15%）。暴露2年后，少量转移至肝脏（IPB的0.2%）和骨骼（IPB的0.1%）。预计暴露10年后，AMAD为2.8微米组的肺部平均α辐射剂量是AMAD为0.72微米组的两倍。
