Phillips L G, Cunningham J, Newbold S, Campana H A
J Natl Med Assoc. 1983 Oct;75(10):1000-1, 1005-6.
Carcinoma of the esophagus is a devastating disease that produces various degrees of esophageal obstruction by virtue of its circumferential, constricting type of growth pattern. Because of the relatively small diameter of the esophageal lumen, a limited-sized tumor can produce severe obstructive symptoms. Carcinoma of the esophagus is, as a rule, fairly well localized to its wall or the immediate mediastinal parietes in cases where there is extension beyond the esophageal musculature.(1) Large, bulky, exophytic types of esophageal carcinomas that produce symptoms mainly as a result of extrinsic pressure are unusual.
食管癌是一种极具破坏性的疾病,因其呈周向、缩窄型生长模式而导致不同程度的食管梗阻。由于食管管腔直径相对较小,一个体积有限的肿瘤就能产生严重的梗阻症状。通常情况下,食管癌在超出食管肌层发生扩散时,相当局限于食管壁或紧邻的纵隔壁层。(1)主要因外部压迫而产生症状的巨大、外生性食管癌类型并不常见。