Saad S A, Groff D B
Am Surg. 1978 May;44(5):296-9.
A series of 27 patients less than 15 years of age who had tracheostomies from 1968--1975 showed that only two of these patients had cardiac disease as the primary lesion. Only three pneumothoraces could be definitely attributed to the tracheostomy, while sepsis in two patients and pneumonia in one patient might possibly have been related to the tracheostomy itself. One death was due to the performance of the tracheostomy. In patients who have tracheostomy for noncardiac conditions, performance of the tracheostomy in the operating room with an endotracheal tube in place, the use of plastic or silastic body contour conforming tubes, and proper intensive care nursing immediately after tracheostomy have reduced complications to a minimum and made the performance of tracheostomy in this age group a safe and effective procedure when oro- or nasotracheal intubation is inadequate.
1968年至1975年间接受气管切开术的27例15岁以下患儿中，仅2例以心脏病为主要病变。明确由气管切开术导致的气胸仅3例，2例发生败血症和1例发生肺炎可能与气管切开术本身有关。1例死亡归因于气管切开术操作。对于因非心脏疾病而行气管切开术的患儿，在手术室于气管内插管状态下进行气管切开术、使用符合身体轮廓的塑料或硅橡胶导管以及气管切开术后立即进行适当的重症护理，已将并发症降至最低，并且在口插管或鼻插管不足时，使该年龄组的气管切开术成为一种安全有效的手术。
