Pashley N R, Baxter J D
J Otolaryngol. 1977 Dec;6(6):482-6.
Acute epiglottitis is a pediatric airway emergency. No deaths occurred in 61 cases treated by elective tracheostomy at The Montreal Children's Hospital between 1966 and 1974. Seven patients (11.5%) showed evidence of aspiration pneumonia prior to tracheostomy and seven others developed pulmonary atelectasis in the first 24 hours following tracheostomy but only 9.8% of the total had a complication which continued in evidence 24 hours following surgery. A further 19.5% developed further complications unrelated to this earlier morbidity prior to discharge from hospital. The mean cannulation time was seven days and the mean hospital stay was nine days. Of these patients, 32 (52.4%) were seen between a year and seven-and-a-half years later. Twenty were completely asymptomatic with a small, neat scar. Twelve patients had experienced some upper respiratory problem or minor problems related to the tracheostomy incision.
急性会厌炎是一种儿科气道急症。1966年至1974年间，蒙特利尔儿童医院对61例患者实施了择期气管切开术，无一例死亡。7例患者（11.5%）在气管切开术前有吸入性肺炎的证据，另有7例在气管切开术后的头24小时内发生肺不张，但仅9.8%的患者在术后24小时仍有并发症迹象。另有19.5%的患者在出院前出现与早期发病无关的进一步并发症。平均插管时间为7天，平均住院时间为9天。在这些患者中，32例（52.4%）在1年至7年半后接受了复查。20例完全无症状，有一个小而整齐的疤痕。12例患者有一些上呼吸道问题或与气管切开术切口相关的小问题。
