Bogat G A, Jason L A
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1983;17(4):267-80. doi: 10.2190/6AQX-1TDM-DEL4-3T6L.
While many researchers have asserted that social participation enhances psychological well-being among the elderly, few empirical investigations have studied this relationship by systematically enhancing activities and developing supports for the isolated elderly. In the present study, elderly community residents participated in a network-building visiting program, which reinforced and encouraged involvement in community settings; in a relationship-oriented visiting program, which emphasized empathy and concern; or in a nonequivalent control group. All three groups were administered pre- and postpoint scales on life satisfaction, health, depression, I-E, current and desired social networks, telephone calls, and visitors. Weekly activities and biweekly quality-of-life-ratings were collected on the two experimental groups. At the program's end, the network-building group exhibited directionally higher means on most variables; however, few significant differences were found. Prepoint correlates of current and desired networks emerged as central factors affecting the psychological well-being of participants in this study.
虽然许多研究人员断言，社会参与能提升老年人的心理健康，但很少有实证研究通过系统地增加活动和为孤独老人提供支持来研究这种关系。在本研究中，老年社区居民参与了一个建立社交网络的探访项目，该项目加强并鼓励他们参与社区活动；参与了一个注重人际关系的探访项目，该项目强调同理心和关怀；或者参与了一个非对等的对照组。所有三组都接受了关于生活满意度、健康状况、抑郁程度、内外控倾向、当前和期望的社交网络、电话通话次数以及访客数量的前后测量表。对两个实验组收集了每周的活动情况和每两周一次的生活质量评分。在项目结束时，建立社交网络组在大多数变量上的均值在方向上更高；然而，发现的显著差异很少。当前和期望社交网络的前测相关因素成为影响本研究参与者心理健康的核心因素。
