Chang R H, Dodder R A
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1983;18(3):207-17. doi: 10.2190/qkgn-e1hw-ca88-x6k3.
Although the original 20-item Purpose in Life Test (PIL) has been subjected to various reliability and validity tests, its use has been limited largely to American culture. In this paper ten items were selected from the original scale, and both directionality and response categories were modified. This Ten-Item Modified Purpose in Life Test was then validated through item analysis by using two cross-national samples of elderly people. One sample consisted of 177 retirees from the school system in Payne County, Oklahoma, and the other consisted of 202 retired teachers in Taipei, Taiwan. It was concluded from this study that the Ten-Item Modified Purpose in Life Scale can be reduced to the Seven-Item Modified Purpose in Life Scale as an alternative measure for comparing the psychological well-being of the elderly cross-nationally.
尽管最初的20项生活目的测试（PIL）已经经过了各种信效度测试，但其应用在很大程度上局限于美国文化。在本文中，从原始量表中选取了10个项目，并对其方向性和反应类别进行了修改。然后，通过对两个跨国老年人样本进行项目分析，对这个十项修订版生活目的测试进行了验证。一个样本由俄克拉荷马州佩恩县学校系统的177名退休人员组成，另一个样本由台湾台北的202名退休教师组成。这项研究得出的结论是，十项修订版生活目的量表可以简化为七项修订版生活目的量表，作为跨国比较老年人心理健康状况的替代测量方法。
