Burns D, Brady J P, Kuruvilla K
Biol Psychiatry. 1978 Apr;13(2):255-64.
In studies of the acute effects of haloperidol on the severity of stuttering in 12 subjects not in treatment at the time of drug evaluation, a single 0.5 mg haloperidol injection was found to increase fluency in 9 to 12 subjects, as compared with saline placebo. The average improvement in those subjects who improved was 25% on reading and 40% on spontaneous speech. Side effects from this dose of haloperidol were minimal. The effects of apomorphine on speech were not statistically significant, but increased fluency was seen in a number of subjects on the reading test. The results of this study suggest that acute drug evaluation studies may be valuable in determining the effects of various psychotropic agents on the severity of stuttering. The increased fluency after haloperidol, an agent which is felt to turn off the dopaminergic system via postsynaptic blockade, and after low-dose apomorphine, which appears to inhibit the dopamine system via presynaptic effects is consistent with a role for central dopaminergic systems in the pathogenesis of stuttering. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
在一项针对12名在药物评估时未接受治疗的受试者进行的氟哌啶醇对口吃严重程度急性影响的研究中，与生理盐水安慰剂相比，单次注射0.5毫克氟哌啶醇可使9至12名受试者的流畅性提高。在那些口吃症状得到改善的受试者中，阅读时平均改善25%，自发讲话时平均改善40%。该剂量的氟哌啶醇副作用极小。阿扑吗啡对言语的影响无统计学意义，但在阅读测试中，一些受试者的流畅性有所提高。本研究结果表明，急性药物评估研究在确定各种精神药物对口吃严重程度的影响方面可能具有重要价值。氟哌啶醇（一种被认为通过突触后阻断作用关闭多巴胺能系统的药物）和低剂量阿扑吗啡（似乎通过突触前效应抑制多巴胺系统）给药后流畅性增加，这与中枢多巴胺能系统在口吃发病机制中的作用是一致的。需要进一步研究来证实这一假设。
