Werner H
Immun Infekt. 1983 Sep;11(5):169-76.
Virtually all anaerobic infections arise endogenously. Underlying conditions often associated with anaerobic infections are diabetes mellitus, corticosteroid therapy, leukopenia, immunosuppression, vascular disease, tissue anoxia and aerobic infection. Various enzymes and other materials produced by the anaerobes act as virulence factors. There is an impressive incidence of anaerobic bacteria in infections involving the lung and pleural space, in liver abscesses, biliary tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections and bacteremia. Location of infection, previous therapy with aminoglycoside antibiotics and other clues suggest that a given patient may have an anaerobic infection. Whenever possible, a specimen should be obtained by needle and syringe to avoid normal flora. Specimens must be transported to the laboratory under anaerobic conditions. Therapy involves the use of antimicrobials, preferably drugs with a high activity against beta-lactamase-producing Bacteroides spp.
几乎所有厌氧菌感染均为内源性感染。常与厌氧菌感染相关的潜在疾病有糖尿病、皮质类固醇治疗、白细胞减少、免疫抑制、血管疾病、组织缺氧及需氧菌感染。厌氧菌产生的各种酶及其他物质可作为致病因素。厌氧菌在肺部和胸膜腔感染、肝脓肿、胆道感染、皮肤及软组织感染和菌血症中感染发生率颇高。感染部位、既往氨基糖苷类抗生素治疗情况及其他线索提示特定患者可能存在厌氧菌感染。只要有可能，应使用针筒获取标本以避免正常菌群污染。标本必须在厌氧条件下运送至实验室。治疗包括使用抗菌药物，最好是对产β-内酰胺酶的拟杆菌属具有高活性的药物。
