Werner H, Schädler G, Krasemann C
Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(4):574-7.
The in vitro inhibitory activity of azlocillin (Securopen), metronidazole (Cloni) and its hydroxy metabolite was determined against 27 gram-negative and 13 gram-positive species of anaerobes by means of agar dilution tests. The 63 anaerobic strains were also tested against the pairs azlocillin-metronidazole and azlocillin-hydroxy metabolite by means of agar dilution tests. Gram-negative species (Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp. etc.) were inhibited by 0.125-256 micrograms/ml azlocillin, 0.01-4 micrograms/ml metronidazole and 0.01-4 micrograms/ml hydroxy metabolite. With gram-positive anaerobes (Clostridium spp., Peptococcaceae etc.) the MIC ranges were 0.125-4 micrograms/ml for azlocillin, 0.03-1 micrograms/ml for metronidazole and 0.125-2 micrograms/ml for the hydroxy metabolite. A synergistic effect was observed exclusively with gram-negative anaerobes (Bacteroides fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. disiens etc.). There were few instances of antagonism, likewise with gram-negative species. The preponderant combination effect against gram-positive anaerobes was addition. In view of the broad antiaerobic spectrum of azlocillin, the present in vitro findings do not preclude combined therapy with metronidazole in cases of anaerobic-aerobic poly-bacterial infections.
采用琼脂稀释试验测定了阿洛西林（苯咪唑青霉素）、甲硝唑（氯硝唑）及其羟基代谢物对27种革兰氏阴性厌氧菌和13种革兰氏阳性厌氧菌的体外抑制活性。还通过琼脂稀释试验对63株厌氧菌株进行了阿洛西林-甲硝唑和阿洛西林-羟基代谢物组合的测试。革兰氏阴性菌（拟杆菌属、梭杆菌属等）对阿洛西林的最低抑菌浓度为0.125 - 256微克/毫升，对甲硝唑为0.01 - 4微克/毫升，对羟基代谢物为0.01 - 4微克/毫升。对于革兰氏阳性厌氧菌（梭菌属、消化球菌科等），阿洛西林的最低抑菌浓度范围为0.125 - 4微克/毫升，甲硝唑为0.03 - 1微克/毫升，羟基代谢物为0.125 - 2微克/毫升。仅在革兰氏阴性厌氧菌（脆弱拟杆菌、多形拟杆菌、双形拟杆菌等）中观察到协同作用。拮抗作用的情况很少，同样也出现在革兰氏阴性菌中。对革兰氏阳性厌氧菌的主要联合作用为相加作用。鉴于阿洛西林具有广泛的抗厌氧菌谱，目前的体外研究结果并不排除在厌氧-需氧混合细菌感染病例中与甲硝唑联合治疗。
