Mollenauer S, Jackson C, Pollack T
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Jul;19(1):33-7. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90307-6.
As in previous research, hooded rats treated with an acute high dose of d-amphetamine sulfate (5 mg/kg free base) showed a dramatic defensive flight reaction to a novel stimulus (mechanical robot) that did not elicit flight from saline controls. Both the defense response and stereotypy behavior (repetitive movements and oral, licking chewing) were assessed at eight time periods after injection: 1, 15, 30, 45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 min. The defense response peaked early (15-30 min) after injection and showed a significant decline by 75 min, with no reemergence as stereotypy subsided. Stereotypy peaked later (45 min) and did not decline until 105 min. Tests in the absence of the robot provided a control for motor effects of the drug. Whereas stereotypy occurred in both Robot and No Robot conditions, the defense response occurred only in the Robot condition. These results were thought to provide further evidence that the effects of amphetamine on defensive flight could not be attributed to purely motor reactions. Thus, amphetamine-induced defensive flight may be an appropriate pharmacological model of affective psychosis. As such, it may be helpful in establishing differential pharmacological profiles for affective versus motor potencies of potential antipsychotic compounds.
与之前的研究一样，用急性高剂量硫酸右苯丙胺（5毫克/千克游离碱）处理的戴帽大鼠，对一种新刺激（机械机器人）表现出剧烈的防御性逃避反应，而生理盐水对照组对该刺激不会产生逃避反应。在注射后的八个时间段评估防御反应和刻板行为（重复动作以及口腔舔舐、咀嚼动作）：1、15、30、45、75、105、135和165分钟。防御反应在注射后早期（15 - 30分钟）达到峰值，到75分钟时显著下降，随着刻板行为消退未再次出现。刻板行为在后期（45分钟）达到峰值，直到105分钟才下降。在没有机器人的情况下进行的测试为药物的运动效应提供了对照。虽然刻板行为在有机器人和没有机器人的条件下都会出现，但防御反应只出现在有机器人的条件下。这些结果被认为进一步证明了苯丙胺对防御性逃避的影响不能仅仅归因于纯粹的运动反应。因此，苯丙胺诱导的防御性逃避可能是情感性精神病的一种合适的药理学模型。照此，它可能有助于为潜在抗精神病化合物的情感效能与运动效能建立不同的药理学特征。
