Williams C M, Kanagasabai T
Br J Nutr. 1984 Jan;51(1):7-13. doi: 10.1079/bjn19840004.
Nicotine has been implicated as a causative factor in the intrauterine growth retardation associated with smoking in pregnancy. A study was set up to ascertain the effect of nicotine on fetal growth and whether this could be related to the actions of this drug on maternal adipose tissue metabolism. Sprague-Dawley rats were mated and assigned to control and nicotine groups, the latter receiving nicotine in the drinking-water throughout pregnancy. Animals were weighed at regular intervals and killed on day 20 of pregnancy. Rates of maternal adipose tissue lipolysis and lipogenesis were measured. Fetal and placental weights were recorded and analysis of fetal body water, fat, protein and DNA carried out. Weight gains of mothers in the nicotine group were less in the 1st and 2nd weeks of pregnancy, but similar to controls in the 3rd week. Fetal body-weights, DNA, protein and percentage water contents were similar in both groups. Mean fetal body fat (g/kg) was significantly higher in the nicotine group (96.2 (SE 5.1] compared with controls (72.0 (SE 2.9]. Rates of maternal lipolysis were also higher in the nicotine group. The cause of these differences and their effects on maternal and fetal well-being is discussed.
尼古丁被认为是与孕期吸烟相关的宫内生长迟缓的一个致病因素。开展了一项研究，以确定尼古丁对胎儿生长的影响，以及这是否与该药物对母体脂肪组织代谢的作用有关。将斯普拉格-道利大鼠进行交配，并分为对照组和尼古丁组，后者在整个孕期的饮水中摄入尼古丁。定期对动物称重，并在妊娠第20天处死。测量母体脂肪组织的脂肪分解和脂肪生成速率。记录胎儿和胎盘重量，并对胎儿体内的水、脂肪、蛋白质和DNA进行分析。尼古丁组母亲在妊娠第1周和第2周的体重增加较少，但在第3周与对照组相似。两组的胎儿体重、DNA、蛋白质和含水量百分比相似。尼古丁组胎儿的平均体脂（克/千克）显著高于对照组（96.2（标准误5.1），而对照组为72.0（标准误2.9）。尼古丁组母体的脂肪分解速率也较高。文中讨论了这些差异的原因及其对母体和胎儿健康的影响。
