Stimmel B, Graettinger J S
N Engl J Med. 1984 Jan 26;310(4):230-5. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198401263100405.
Physicians trained in foreign medical schools, including U.S. citizens, are once again playing a larger part in the provision of medical are in this country. After a decrease in the numbers of such physicians from 1977 through 1980, the number of foreign nationals entering the National Resident Matching Program increased by 312 per cent, and the number of U.S. citizens from foreign schools increased by 273 per cent. U.S. graduates of foreign medical schools participating in Fifth Pathway programs appear to benefit from their extra year of clinical training by being more successful in the National Resident Matching Program and having a higher pass rate on state licensing examinations. These increases in physicians trained in foreign medical schools, together with an increasing number of students graduating from U.S. medical schools, have resulted in an insufficient total number of first-year postgraduate positions, regardless of the specialty, to accommodate all physicians seeking a first-year residency. Since the number of residency positions will probably not expand to meet applicant demand, an increase in the pool of physicians with neither residency training nor licenses to practice medicine is likely. Alien foreign medical-school graduates and U.S. students who go abroad to study medicine can no longer take for granted residency training and practice in the United Stages.
毕业于外国医学院校的医生，包括美国公民，在美国医疗服务的提供中再次发挥着更大的作用。在1977年至1980年此类医生数量减少之后，进入全国住院医师匹配计划的外国公民数量增加了312%，毕业于外国医学院校的美国公民数量增加了273%。参加第五途径计划的毕业于外国医学院校的美国学生似乎受益于其额外一年的临床培训，在全国住院医师匹配计划中更成功，并且在州执照考试中有更高的通过率。毕业于外国医学院校的医生数量的增加，再加上毕业于美国医学院校的学生数量不断增加，导致无论专业如何，可供所有寻求第一年住院医师培训的医生使用的第一年研究生职位总数不足。由于住院医师职位数量可能不会增加以满足申请人的需求，没有接受住院医师培训或行医执照的医生数量可能会增加。外国医学院校毕业的外国人和出国学医的美国学生不能再理所当然地在美国接受住院医师培训和行医。
