Atkinson J, Braddick O J, Durden K, Watson P G, Atkinson S
Br J Ophthalmol. 1984 Feb;68(2):105-12. doi: 10.1136/bjo.68.2.105.
The method of isotropic photorefraction has been used in a trial of refractive screening of 6-9 month old infants. Data are presented on the calibration of the method against retinoscopic measurements and its reliability. In photorefractive screening of 1096 infants under cyclopentolate cycloplegia 5% were found to be hypermetropic (over +3.5 D), 4.5% myopic, and 1.3% anisometropic (over 1 D). These refractive errors were confirmed on retinoscopic follow-up (with the exception of a few anisometropes). Follow-up of controls shows that one small refractive error was missed in 52 infants. We conclude that photorefraction is a valid and practical screening technique. Longitudinal study of infants with refractive errors will assess the value of early detection, in particular for prediction and prevention of strabismus.
各向同性验光法已用于6至9个月大婴儿的屈光筛查试验。文中给出了该方法与检影测量校准的数据及其可靠性。在对1096名使用5%环喷托酯散瞳的婴儿进行验光筛查时，发现5%为远视（超过+3.5 D），4.5%为近视，1.3%为屈光参差（超过1 D）。这些屈光不正经检影随访得到证实（少数屈光参差者除外）。对对照组的随访表明，52名婴儿中有1例小的屈光不正未被发现。我们得出结论，验光法是一种有效且实用的筛查技术。对屈光不正婴儿的纵向研究将评估早期发现的价值，特别是对于斜视的预测和预防。
