de Castro M P, Mastrorocco D A
J Androl. 1984 Jan-Feb;5(1):17-20. doi: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.1984.tb00772.x.
A group of 598 allegedly fertile men requesting vasectomy were investigated; varicocele was found in 97 (16.2%) of these men. The mean ages and age distributions of men with and without varicocele were not significantly different. Reproductive histories (number of pregnancies, living children and spontaneous abortions, as well as incidence of present pregnancy) were similar in both groups. The average seminal characteristics (semen volume, sperm count, total sperm count, percentage of motile spermatozoa, quality of motility, morphology) were not different for men with and without varicocele, except for a slight, but significantly higher incidence of oval-headed sperm in men without varicocele. However, the incidence of varicocele was significantly higher in men with sperm counts below 40 million/ml. Three important observations may be made from this study: 1) the incidence of varicocele in this prevasectomy population was similar to that reported for the general population, but lower than the incidence reported for male partners of infertile couples; 2) in this population of allegedly fertile men, the presence of a varicocele did not significantly affect reproductive performance; 3) even though the incidence of varicocele was higher in men with sperm counts below 40 million/ml, the average seminal characteristics were not different in men with and without varicocele.
对一组598名据称具有生育能力且要求进行输精管切除术的男性进行了调查；其中97名（16.2%）男性被发现患有精索静脉曲张。患有和未患有精索静脉曲张的男性的平均年龄及年龄分布无显著差异。两组的生殖史（怀孕次数、存活子女数、自然流产次数以及当前怀孕发生率）相似。除了未患精索静脉曲张的男性中椭圆形头部精子的发生率略高但显著外，患有和未患有精索静脉曲张的男性的平均精液特征（精液量、精子计数、总精子数、活动精子百分比、活动质量、形态）并无差异。然而，精子计数低于4000万/毫升的男性中精索静脉曲张的发生率显著更高。从这项研究中可以得出三个重要观察结果：1）在这群输精管切除术前的人群中，精索静脉曲张的发生率与一般人群的报告发生率相似，但低于不育夫妇男性伴侣的报告发生率；2）在这群据称具有生育能力的男性中，精索静脉曲张的存在并未显著影响生殖性能；3）尽管精子计数低于4000万/毫升的男性中精索静脉曲张的发生率更高，但患有和未患有精索静脉曲张的男性的平均精液特征并无差异。
