Lochmann E R, Ehrlich W, Mangir M
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1984 Apr;8(2):162-6. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(84)90058-7.
The effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) and acrylonitrile (ACN) on growth, RNA synthesis, ribosome synthesis, and ribosome content were tested in yeast cells. TCE causes a delay of the growth of a cell culture (prolongation of the lag phase), but does not cause inhibition. Cells exposed to increasing concentrations of ACN show increasing damage, so that, at a certain point of the growth curve, cell division stops altogether. Similar results were obtained when RNA synthesis was investigated: After treatment with TCE, the maximum RNA synthesis of the cell culture was retarded, but subsequently reached the same level as the untreated control cells. In the presence of ACN, however, the rate of RNA synthesis was lowered with increasing ACN concentrations. The same effect was observed upon investigation of ribosome synthesis: Whereas TCE produces only a slight effect, treatment with increasing concentrations of ACN leads to a substantial decrease in ribosome synthesis, and finally to total inhibition. Parallel to this, the content of free and membrane-bound ribosomes is diminished. Obviously, the decrease in ribosome content is caused not only by an inhibition of ribosome synthesis, but also by a degradation of existing ribosomes, as well as by induction of a ribosome-associated RNase.
在酵母细胞中测试了三氯乙烯（TCE）和丙烯腈（ACN）对生长、RNA合成、核糖体合成及核糖体含量的影响。TCE会导致细胞培养物生长延迟（延迟期延长），但不会产生抑制作用。暴露于浓度不断增加的ACN中的细胞显示出越来越严重的损伤，以至于在生长曲线的某个点，细胞分裂完全停止。研究RNA合成时也得到了类似结果：用TCE处理后，细胞培养物的最大RNA合成受到阻碍，但随后达到了与未处理对照细胞相同的水平。然而，在ACN存在的情况下，RNA合成速率随着ACN浓度的增加而降低。研究核糖体合成时也观察到了同样的效果：虽然TCE只产生轻微影响，但用浓度不断增加的ACN处理会导致核糖体合成大幅下降，最终完全抑制。与此同时，游离核糖体和膜结合核糖体的含量减少。显然，核糖体含量的减少不仅是由于核糖体合成受到抑制，还由于现有核糖体的降解以及核糖体相关核糖核酸酶的诱导。
