Salminen A, Hongisto K, Vihko V
Acta Physiol Scand. 1984 Jan;120(1):15-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1984.tb07367.x.
Three experiments were designed to study the lysosomal changes associated with the development and maintenance of the endurance training induced resistance against exercise injuries in mouse skeletal muscles. The activities of arylsulphatase, cathepsin C, cathepsin D, and beta-glucuronidase were assayed from the red part of mouse quadriceps femoris muscle 4 days after prolonged strenuous running of 4-9 h duration. Exercise injuries were characterized by necrotic fibers and focal inflammation. Strenuous running of untrained mice induced necrotic lesions and a 4-5 fold increase in the activities of lysosomal enzymes. This lysosomal response was considerably reduced already by daily training bouts on the 3 days preceding the strenuous exertion. Simultaneously exercise injuries were markedly reduced. Extending the endurance training program increased the running ability of mice and further reduced the necrotic lesions and lysosomal changes induced by the strenuous exercise. The detraining of 1 week after the termination of regular endurance training considerably increased the degree of exercise induced lysosomal response. The detraining of longer durations further increased the lysosomal response and no effect of prior endurance training existed after 1 month detraining. Our observations suggest that the severity of exercise injuries is related to the strength of the exercise stimulus and the level of preceding physical activity and can be characterized by the lysosomal changes.
设计了三个实验来研究与耐力训练诱导的小鼠骨骼肌运动损伤抗性的发展和维持相关的溶酶体变化。在持续4 - 9小时的剧烈跑步4天后，从小鼠股四头肌的红色部分测定芳基硫酸酯酶、组织蛋白酶C、组织蛋白酶D和β - 葡萄糖醛酸酶的活性。运动损伤的特征为坏死纤维和局灶性炎症。未经训练的小鼠进行剧烈跑步会诱导坏死性病变，并使溶酶体酶的活性增加4 - 5倍。在剧烈运动前3天每天进行训练，这种溶酶体反应就已显著降低。同时，运动损伤也明显减少。延长耐力训练计划可提高小鼠的跑步能力，并进一步减少剧烈运动诱导的坏死性病变和溶酶体变化。在常规耐力训练结束后进行1周的停训，会显著增加运动诱导的溶酶体反应程度。更长时间的停训会进一步增加溶酶体反应，且在停训1个月后，先前耐力训练的效果不复存在。我们的观察结果表明，运动损伤的严重程度与运动刺激的强度和先前的身体活动水平有关，并且可以通过溶酶体变化来表征。
