Terao T, Kawashima Y, Noto H, Inamoto Y, Lin T Y, Sumimoto K, Maeda M
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984 May 15;149(2):201-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(84)90199-6.
Fetal heart rate (FHR) is influenced by the central nervous system, cardiac automatism, biochemical factors, etc. Changes in FHR were correlated with the anatomic defect in autopsy material from 20 anencephalic infants, and, on this basis, the following hypotheses were formed, subject to later experimental proof. (1) The FHR baseline level is controlled by the medulla oblongata and vagus nerve. (2) The biphasic sleep-awake pattern is controlled by the cerebral cortex. (3) The midbrain is involved in the occurrence of acceleration. (4) A relative high level of short-term variability is shown when small lesions of the lesser central nervous system are present, but we cannot conclude that the cortex is critical for short-term variability. On the other hand, long-term variability seems to be correlated to the presence of the medulla oblongata and midbrain, and might be amplified by the cerebral cortex. (5) U-shaped decelerations are connected with the medulla oblongata, but V-shaped decelerations depend on intracardiac reflexes and myocardial stretch.
胎儿心率（FHR）受中枢神经系统、心脏自律性、生化因素等影响。对20例无脑儿尸检材料中FHR的变化与解剖学缺陷进行了相关性分析，并在此基础上形成了以下假说，有待后续实验验证。（1）FHR基线水平受延髓和迷走神经控制。（2）双相睡眠-觉醒模式受大脑皮层控制。（3）中脑参与加速的发生。（4）当中枢神经系统较小区域存在小病变时，会表现出相对较高水平的短期变异性，但我们不能得出皮层对短期变异性至关重要的结论。另一方面，长期变异性似乎与延髓和中脑的存在相关，并且可能会被大脑皮层放大。（5）U形减速与延髓有关，但V形减速取决于心内反射和心肌拉伸。
