London S N, Haney A F, Weinberg J B
Fertil Steril. 1984 Jun;41(6):907-12.
No single test to detect the presence of antisperm antibodies has correlated precisely with subsequent fertility. The purpose of this study was to determine whether heterogeneous effects of antibodies could potentially explain this observation. The effects of serum on sperm motility, complement-mediated sperm lysis, mouse macrophage-mediated sperm phagocytosis, and sperm IgG opsonization were assessed in several patients with known antisperm antibodies. Each patient's serum produced its own unique profile. Motility ranged from normal (70% to 85%) to 10% using different subjects' serum. Antibody-dependent complement-mediated sperm lysis ranged from 35% to 65%. Normal sperm incubated with normal serum had approximately 200 molecules of IgG per sperm, whereas normal sperm incubated with patient sera had 546 to 900 molecules of IgG per sperm. In all cases where serum enhanced IgG sperm opsonization, there was enhanced mouse macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of the opsonized sperm (a three- to fourfold increase). These data suggest that antisperm antibodies may affect reproduction by different mechanisms, including direct humoral effects (immunoglobulin and/or complement) and indirect cell-mediated effects (macrophage-mediated sperm phagocytosis). However, the mechanism(s) involved are unique to each individual's antibody. The heterogeneity of these potential mechanisms may explain why the presence of antisperm antibodies as measured by a single assay correlate poorly with infertility.
没有一种单一的检测抗精子抗体存在的试验能与随后的生育能力精确相关。本研究的目的是确定抗体的异质性效应是否可能解释这一观察结果。在几名已知有抗精子抗体的患者中评估了血清对精子活力、补体介导的精子溶解、小鼠巨噬细胞介导的精子吞噬作用以及精子IgG调理作用的影响。每位患者的血清都产生了其独特的特征。使用不同受试者的血清，精子活力范围从正常（70%至85%）到10%。抗体依赖性补体介导的精子溶解范围从35%至65%。与正常血清孵育的正常精子每个精子约有200个IgG分子，而与患者血清孵育的正常精子每个精子有546至900个IgG分子。在所有血清增强IgG精子调理作用的情况下，调理后的精子的小鼠巨噬细胞介导的吞噬作用增强（增加三到四倍）。这些数据表明，抗精子抗体可能通过不同机制影响生殖，包括直接体液效应（免疫球蛋白和/或补体）和间接细胞介导效应（巨噬细胞介导的精子吞噬作用）。然而，所涉及的机制对于每个个体的抗体而言都是独特的。这些潜在机制的异质性可能解释了为什么通过单一检测方法测得的抗精子抗体的存在与不育症的相关性较差。
