Nordén G, Nyberg G
Acta Med Scand. 1984;215(3):257-61. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb05003.x.
Forty-seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and diabetic nephropathy and 47 controls with IDDM without diabetic nephropathy were interviewed about their previous and current smoking habits. The patients in the two groups were matched according to sex, age, age at onset, and duration of diabetes. All patients in the nephropathy group had proteinuria and decreased glomerular filtration. None in the control group had ever had proteinuria as tested by dip stick. The total amount of smoking until date of interview was estimated for each individual and presented as an index. The patients with nephropathy had a significantly higher smoking index than the controls. In the nephropathy group there were also more numerous current smokers, more heavy smokers and fewer individuals who had never smoked than in the control group. The link between diabetic renal microangiopathy and smoking may be through mechanisms such as increased platelet aggregation, accentuated tissue hypoxia and hemodynamic or metabolic effects of repeated noradrenaline release.
对47例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）合并糖尿病肾病患者以及47例无糖尿病肾病的IDDM对照者进行了访谈，了解他们过去和当前的吸烟习惯。两组患者根据性别、年龄、发病年龄和糖尿病病程进行匹配。肾病组所有患者均有蛋白尿且肾小球滤过率降低。对照组经试纸检测无人曾患蛋白尿。估算了每位受试者截至访谈日期的吸烟总量，并将其作为一个指标呈现。肾病患者的吸烟指数显著高于对照组。与对照组相比，肾病组当前吸烟者更多，重度吸烟者更多，从不吸烟者更少。糖尿病肾脏微血管病变与吸烟之间的联系可能是通过诸如血小板聚集增加、组织缺氧加重以及反复去甲肾上腺素释放的血流动力学或代谢效应等机制。
