Mühlhauser I, Sawicki P, Berger M
Diabetologia. 1986 Aug;29(8):500-2. doi: 10.1007/BF00453501.
In a case control study 192 cigarette-smoking patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes were compared with 192 non-cigarette-smoking patients pair-matched for sex (90 females), duration of diabetes (mean 14 years), and age (mean 32 years). Macroproteinuria was found in 19.3% of the smoking and in 8.3% of the non-smoking patients (p less than 0.001). Proliferative retinopathy was present in 12.5% of the smoking and in 6.8% of the non-smoking patients (p less than 0.025). The percentages of patients with normal proteinuria or without retinopathy were comparable between the two groups. In addition, glycosylated haemoglobin values and the prevalence of hypertension were similar between smoking and non-smoking patients. Thus, cigarette-smoking appears to be a risk factor for the progression of incipient to overt nephropathy and of background to proliferative retinopathy in Type 1 diabetes.
在一项病例对照研究中，将192名吸烟的1型（胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病患者与192名不吸烟患者进行比较，后者在性别（90名女性）、糖尿病病程（平均14年）和年龄（平均32岁）方面进行了配对。19.3%的吸烟患者和8.3%的不吸烟患者出现大量蛋白尿（p<0.001）。12.5%的吸烟患者和6.8%的不吸烟患者存在增殖性视网膜病变（p<0.025）。两组中蛋白尿正常或无视网膜病变的患者百分比相当。此外，吸烟和不吸烟患者的糖化血红蛋白值及高血压患病率相似。因此，吸烟似乎是1型糖尿病患者从早期肾病进展为显性肾病以及从背景性视网膜病变进展为增殖性视网膜病变的一个危险因素。
