Telmer S, Christiansen J S, Andersen A R, Nerup J, Deckert T
Acta Med Scand. 1984;215(1):63-8. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb04970.x.
All patients having insulin-dependent diabetes with onset before 30 years of age and a duration of disease of 12-40 years who visited a diabetes centre within one year were registered. 97% (n = 668) answered a WHO questionnaire on cigarette smoking. The smoking habits were compared to the frequency of proliferative retinopathy and/or diabetic nephropathy (persistent proteinuria). The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher among heavy smokers (greater than 10 cigarettes a day for more than one year) than among non-heavy smokers, 19.2% versus 12.1% (p less than 0.02). An increasing frequency of nephropathy was found with increasing cigarette consumption (p less than 0.01). No difference in the prevalence of proliferative retinopathy was found between smokers and non-smokers. It is concluded that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for the development of nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetics.
所有30岁前发病、病程12至40年的胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者，若在一年内前往糖尿病中心就诊，则予以登记。97%（n = 668）的患者回答了一份关于吸烟情况的世界卫生组织调查问卷。将吸烟习惯与增殖性视网膜病变和/或糖尿病肾病（持续性蛋白尿）的发生率进行了比较。重度吸烟者（每天吸烟超过10支且持续一年以上）的糖尿病肾病患病率显著高于非重度吸烟者，分别为19.2%和12.1%（p < 0.02）。随着吸烟量增加，肾病发生率上升（p < 0.01）。吸烟者与非吸烟者的增殖性视网膜病变患病率无差异。结论是，吸烟是胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者发生肾病的一个危险因素。
