Rode A, Shephard R J
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Jun;56(6):1472-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.56.6.1472.
Data on the cardiorespiratory fitness of the Canadian Inuit has been obtained before and after 10 yr exposure to "white civilization." The population tested comprises 201 males (aged 9-76 yr) and 143 females (aged 10-69 yr), about 70% of the eligible population of Igloolik (69 degrees 40'N). During direct maximum tests to exhaustion, a higher maximum heart rate was attained in 1980-81 (194.4 beats X min-1) than in 1970-71 (184.5 beats X min-1); this probably reflects a closer approach to a centrally limited maximum as the Inuit have become familiar with white investigators. The Astrand nomogram currently underestimates the directly measured maximum O2 intake (VO2max) by some 3% in subjects making a good maximum effort. Comparing the 1980-81 data with results for 1970-71, there has been a 15% decrease of predicted VO2max, accompanied by a 2- to 4-kg increase of body mass, accumulation of subcutaneous fat, and a decrease of leg extension strength, these changes affecting all subjects except boys aged 9-15 yr. It is suggested that the loss of personal fitness is related to adoption of a more sedentary lifestyle, particularly the use of tracked vehicles in place of walking through deep snow.
有关加拿大因纽特人心肺适能的数据是在接触“白人文明”10年前后获取的。接受测试的人群包括201名男性（年龄在9至76岁之间）和143名女性（年龄在10至69岁之间），约占伊格卢利克符合条件人口（北纬69度40分）的70%。在直接进行的力竭性最大测试中，1980 - 1981年达到的最高心率（194.4次/分钟）高于1970 - 1971年（184.5次/分钟）；这可能反映出随着因纽特人逐渐熟悉白人研究者，他们更接近中枢限制的最大值。在尽力达到最大运动量的受试者中，阿斯特兰德列线图目前对直接测量的最大摄氧量（VO2max）的估计值低约3%。将1980 - 1981年的数据与1970 - 1971年的结果进行比较，预测的VO2max下降了15%，同时体重增加了2至4千克，皮下脂肪堆积，腿部伸展力量下降，除9至15岁的男孩外，所有受试者都出现了这些变化。有人认为，个人体能的下降与采用更久坐的生活方式有关，尤其是使用履带式车辆代替在深雪中行走。
