Rode A, Shephard R J
School of Physical and Health Education, University of Toronto, Ont., Canada.
Respiration. 1994;61(4):187-94. doi: 10.1159/000196335.
The influence of acculturation to a sedentary lifestyle upon the growth and development of lung volumes has been studied in Inuit children aged 9-19 years. Surveys were conducted in the circumpolar community of Igloolik (69 degrees 40'N, 81 degrees W) in 1969/70, 1979/80 and 1989/90. Over this period, the children showed little change of height or body mass at any given age, but a progressive loss of what initially had been a high level of health-related fitness. The sample for each survey comprised about 70% of children in the chosen age range: in the most recent study 87 males and 65 females. Respiratory data included forced vital capacity, one-second forced expiratory volume, maximal mid-expiratory flow rate (second and third surveys only), smoking habits and respiratory health. In each of the 3 surveys, many of the older children in the community were regular smokers. The average cigarette consumption currently rises progressively to 13 +/- 8 cigarettes/day in 87% of males and 11 +/- 7 cigarettes/day in 95% of females over 17 years of age. Nevertheless, lung volumes show the anticipated increase as a logarithmic function of stature. Furthermore, statistically fitted curves show only minor inter-survey differences in volumes for a given standing height. We thus conclude that the deterioration in other aspects of health-related fitness has not yet influenced the growth and development of respiratory function within this Inuit population.
关于文化适应久坐生活方式对9至19岁因纽特儿童肺容量生长发育的影响已展开研究。1969/70年、1979/80年和1989/90年在伊格卢利克（北纬69度40分，西经81度）的环北极社区进行了调查。在此期间，各年龄段儿童的身高和体重变化不大，但最初较高水平的健康相关体能却在逐渐丧失。每次调查的样本约占所选年龄范围儿童的70%：在最近的研究中，有87名男性和65名女性。呼吸数据包括用力肺活量、一秒用力呼气量、最大呼气中期流速（仅第二和第三次调查）、吸烟习惯和呼吸健康状况。在这三次调查中，该社区的许多大龄儿童都是经常吸烟者。目前，17岁以上男性的平均香烟消费量逐渐上升至每天13±8支，95%的女性为每天11±7支。然而，肺容量呈现出预期的随身高对数函数增加的趋势。此外，统计拟合曲线显示，对于给定的站立身高，各次调查之间的肺容量差异很小。因此，我们得出结论，健康相关体能其他方面的恶化尚未影响该因纽特人群呼吸功能的生长发育。
