Goldblum N, Swartz T
Rev Infect Dis. 1984 May-Jun;6 Suppl 2:S313-7. doi: 10.1093/clinids/6.supplement_2.s313.
Data are presented on the programs and the results of immunization against paralytic poliomyelitis in Israel during the 25-year period 1957-1982. To control severe outbreaks of the disease, Israel introduced Salk-type inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) on a large scale in 1957 and used it for a period of five years. Vaccination with IPV had a beneficial effect, demonstrably reducing the morbidity from poliomyelitis. In 1961, Sabin's oral poliovirus vaccine ( OPV ) was first used during an epidemic outbreak of the disease and has been in continuous use since. Vaccination with OPV has resulted in a highly significant decrease in the incidence of the disease, although sporadic cases continued to occur. This program was supplemented for the past four years with an annual mass vaccination campaign in "high-risk" areas of the country. These additional preventive measures have resulted in a further reduction in morbidity but not in the complete disappearance of the disease.
本文呈现了1957年至1982年这25年间以色列针对麻痹性脊髓灰质炎的免疫规划及成果。为控制该疾病的严重疫情，以色列于1957年大规模引入了索尔克型灭活脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（IPV），并使用了五年。接种IPV产生了有益效果，显著降低了脊髓灰质炎的发病率。1961年，萨宾口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（OPV）首次在该病的一次流行爆发期间使用，此后一直持续使用。接种OPV导致该病发病率大幅下降，尽管仍有散发病例出现。在过去四年里，该国在“高危”地区开展了年度大规模疫苗接种活动，以补充这一规划。这些额外的预防措施进一步降低了发病率，但并未使该疾病完全消失。
