Krupinski J
Soc Sci Med. 1984;18(11):927-37. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(84)90263-6.
Whilst before World War II migration to Australia was almost entirely from the British Isles, over 60% of post-War II migrants came from other countries other than Britain. They arrived in Australia in distinct waves: Eastern European refugees were followed by migrants from Western Europe, who were later replaced by migrants from the Mediterranean Basin and finally by Asians, initially from the Indian subcontinent, afterwards from Lebanon and most recently from Indo-China. These patterns of migration were changing the numerical size, age distribution and length of residence in Australia of the different ethnic groups. The paper describes the influence of these changes on physical and mental health of the migrants. Physical morbidity was related to 'imported diseases', to the different physical and social environment and to differences and changes in eating and other habits. Psychiatric disorders were associated with traumatic experiences encountered prior to migration, and with stresses of migration and adjustment to the new country. Thus, in evaluating the health of immigrants, one has to take into account the sources from which the migrants were drawn, their situation in the host society, their numerical growth and age distribution, as well as acculturation to the country settlement.
第二次世界大战前，移民到澳大利亚的人几乎全部来自不列颠群岛，而二战后超过60%的移民来自英国以外的其他国家。他们分不同浪潮抵达澳大利亚：先是东欧难民，接着是西欧移民，后来西欧移民又被来自地中海盆地的移民取代，最后是亚洲人，最初是来自印度次大陆的，之后是黎巴嫩人，最近是印度支那地区的人。这些移民模式正在改变澳大利亚不同种族群体的数量规模、年龄分布和居住时长。本文描述了这些变化对移民身心健康的影响。身体疾病与“输入性疾病”、不同的自然和社会环境以及饮食和其他习惯的差异及变化有关。精神疾病与移民前遭遇的创伤经历、移民压力以及适应新国家的压力有关。因此，在评估移民的健康状况时，必须考虑移民的来源、他们在东道国社会的处境、数量增长和年龄分布，以及融入乡村定居地的情况。
