Yackzan L, Adams C, Francis K T
Am J Sports Med. 1984 Mar-Apr;12(2):159-65. doi: 10.1177/036354658401200214.
The following hypotheses were tested in the present study: (1) cryotherapy would reduce delayed muscle soreness (DMS) in eccentrically exercised muscles; (2) early cold treatment would reduce this soreness more than later postexercise treatment times; and (3) joint range of motion (ROM) would be inversely related to the subjective soreness ratings. Subjective sensations of muscular soreness and changes in elbow joint ROM were assessed in 30 subjects at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours following eccentric-biased exercise in the elbow flexors. Cold treatments were applied immediately, 24 or 48 hours following a single exercise session. In response to the eccentric exercise, significant muscle soreness increases and elbow ROM decreases were observed in all exercised muscles from 24 to 48 hours postexercise. No differences in muscle soreness or elbow ROM changes were observed between treated and untreated arms except for one. Subjects treated at 24 hours postexercise reported greater soreness in their arms compared to untreated arms just prior to treatment (24 hour postexercise). The results do not support the efficacy of cold in reducing DMS. A negative correlation between muscle soreness and elbow ROM at 48 and 72 hours postexercise indicated that an increase in soreness was associated with a decrease in ROM.
（1）冷冻疗法可减轻离心运动肌肉中的延迟性肌肉酸痛（DMS）；（2）早期冷疗比运动后较晚的治疗时间能更有效地减轻这种酸痛；（3）关节活动范围（ROM）与主观酸痛评分呈负相关。在30名受试者中，于肘部屈肌进行偏心运动后的0、24、48和72小时，评估了肌肉酸痛的主观感受以及肘关节ROM的变化。在单次运动后的即刻、24小时或48小时进行冷疗。在运动后24至48小时内，所有运动肌肉均出现了明显的肌肉酸痛增加和肘关节ROM减小。除一处例外，治疗组和未治疗组手臂之间在肌肉酸痛或肘关节ROM变化方面未观察到差异。与未治疗组手臂在运动后24小时（即治疗前）相比，运动后24小时接受治疗的受试者报告其手臂酸痛程度更高。结果不支持冷疗在减轻DMS方面的有效性。运动后48和72小时，肌肉酸痛与肘关节ROM之间呈负相关，表明酸痛增加与ROM减小相关。
