Crockcroft D W, Murdock K Y, Berscheid B A
Ann Allergy. 1984 Jul;53(1):26-9.
Although there are theoretical reasons to suggest that atopy might predispose to non-allergic bronchial hyperresponsiveness, previous studies have yielded conflicting results. We assessed this by determining the atopic status and bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine in 400 randomly selected college students. An atopy score was determined as the number of "+"s from a standard battery of seven allergy prick skin tests each graded from + to +, and the atopic status was graded as non-atopic (no +'s) mildly atopic (1 to 4 +'s), moderately atopic (5 to 8 +'s), or markedly atopic (greater than 8 +'s). Non-allergic bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine was measured with a standardized histamine inhalation test from which the histamine provocation concentration producing a 20% FEV1 fall (PC20) was calculated. The prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine (PC20 less than or equal to 8 mg/ml) was 10.3% in the entire population. There was a progressive increase from 6.1% in the non-atopic group to 33% in the markedly atopic group (p less than 0.001). In 43 subjects with both measurable atopy score (greater than or equal to 1) and PC20 (less than or equal to 16 mg/ml), a regression of atopy score vs. log PC20 produced a small (r = -0.36) but significant (p less than 0.02) correlation. These data indicate a significant relationship exists between atopic status and increased non-allergic bronchial responsiveness to histamine. Although cause and effect cannot be inferred from this study, it is hypothesized that atopy is one factor, among others, which predisposes to non-allergic bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
虽然有理论依据表明特应性可能易导致非过敏性支气管高反应性，但以往研究结果相互矛盾。我们通过测定400名随机选取的大学生的特应性状态及对吸入组胺的支气管反应性来评估这一情况。特应性评分由一组七个标准变应原皮肤点刺试验中“+”的数量确定，每个试验的分级为+至++++，特应性状态分为非特应性（无“+”）、轻度特应性（1至4个“+”）、中度特应性（5至8个“+”）或重度特应性（超过8个“+”）。通过标准化组胺吸入试验测量对吸入组胺的非过敏性支气管反应性，从中计算出导致第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）下降20%的组胺激发浓度（PC20）。在整个人群中，对组胺支气管高反应性（PC20≤8mg/ml）的患病率为10.3%。从非特应性组的6.1%到重度特应性组的33%呈逐渐上升趋势（p<0.001）。在43名既有可测量的特应性评分（≥1）又有PC20（≤16mg/ml）的受试者中，特应性评分与log PC20的回归分析显示出小的（r = -0.36）但显著的（p<0.02）相关性。这些数据表明特应性状态与对组胺的非过敏性支气管反应性增加之间存在显著关系。虽然本研究无法推断因果关系，但据推测特应性是易导致非过敏性支气管高反应性的因素之一。
