Schwartz D P, McDonough F E
J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1984 May-Jun;67(3):563-5.
A relatively simple screening procedure for the detection of chloramphenicol in cow's milk is detailed. The drug in 50 mL skim milk is adsorbed onto Chromosorb 102 and subsequently eluted; interfering impurities are removed by passing the effluent directly over one column containing small beds of alumina and cation exchange resin in the H+ form. After solvent is removed, the nitro group of the drug is reduced with zinc dust in HCl, and the drug is detected by diazotization and coupling to N-1-(naphthyl)ethylenediamine. Milk containing greater than or equal to 4 ppb chloramphenicol can be detected. A number of antibiotics and sulfa drugs permitted for use with dairy cows do not interfere with chloramphenicol detection, nor do some naturally occurring aromatic amino compounds. Nitromide (3,5-dinitrobenzamide) will interfere. It is estimated that approximately 50 samples of skimmed milk can be screened by one person during the working day. Cows secreted the drug into their milk for approximately 3 days following injection of chloramphenicol either intramuscularly or via infusion into the udder.
本文详细介绍了一种相对简单的用于检测牛奶中氯霉素的筛选程序。将50 mL脱脂牛奶中的药物吸附到Chromosorb 102上，随后进行洗脱；通过使流出液直接通过一根装有小床氧化铝和H⁺形式阳离子交换树脂的柱子来去除干扰杂质。除去溶剂后，用锌粉在盐酸中将药物的硝基还原，通过重氮化并与N-1-（萘基）乙二胺偶联来检测药物。可以检测出氯霉素含量大于或等于4 ppb的牛奶。一些允许用于奶牛的抗生素和磺胺类药物不会干扰氯霉素的检测，一些天然存在的芳香族氨基化合物也不会干扰。硝米特（3,5-二硝基苯甲酰胺）会产生干扰。据估计，一个人在工作日大约可以筛选50个脱脂牛奶样品。在肌肉注射或通过乳腺灌注氯霉素后，奶牛会在大约3天的时间内将药物分泌到牛奶中。
