Hosokawa M, Kasai R, Higuchi K, Takeshita S, Shimizu K, Hamamoto H, Honma A, Irino M, Toda K, Matsumura A
Mech Ageing Dev. 1984 Jul;26(1):91-102. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(84)90168-4.
For evaluation of the degree of senescence in SAM-P, accelerated senescence prone mouse, formerly called SAM or prone series or P-series, consisting of SAM-P/1, SAM-P/2, SAM-P/3 and SAM-P/4 corresponding to P-1, P-2, P-3 and P-4 series, respectively, in the previous reports, and in SAM-R, accelerated senescence resistant mouse, formerly called resistant series or R-series, consisting of SAM-R/1, SAM-R/2 and SAM-R/3 corresponding to R-1, R-2 and R-3 series, respectively, in the previous reports, the grading score system was adopted. The items to be examined in this system include 11 categories selected from the clinical signs and gross lesions considered to be associated with the aging process. The degree of the senescence in each category was graded from 0 to 4 according to the detailed criteria devised in our laboratory. After 8 months of age each mouse was examined every 4 months, and some of the mice were examined after 2 months of age. In almost all categories, the grading score and incidence began to increase from 4 or 6 months of age and continued to increase with advancing age in both SAM-P and SAM-R. The increase, however, was more marked in SAM-P than in SAM-R. The slow but steady increase in the SAM-R levelled out at 24 months of age and was comparable to that at 12 months of age in SAM-P. In both SAM-P/1 at 8 months of age and SAM-R/2 at 12 months of age, there was a significant reverse correlation between total score of this grading score system and length of residual life after examination. Systematic and extensive studies using the grading score system showed that if the validity of the system is, based on "irreversibility" and "universality" of the changes in each category with advancing age, most categories are valid for evaluation of the degree of senescence. This grading score system is a unique, useful and convenient method for evaluation of the degree of senescence in mice.
为评估快速老化易感小鼠（SAM-P，曾称为SAM或易感系列或P系列，在先前报告中分别由对应于P-1、P-2、P-3和P-4系列的SAM-P/1、SAM-P/2、SAM-P/3和SAM-P/4组成）以及快速老化抗性小鼠（SAM-R，曾称为抗性系列或R系列，在先前报告中分别由对应于R-1、R-2和R-3系列的SAM-R/1、SAM-R/2和SAM-R/3组成）的衰老程度，采用了分级评分系统。该系统中要检查的项目包括从被认为与衰老过程相关的临床体征和大体病变中选出的11个类别。根据我们实验室制定的详细标准，每个类别的衰老程度从0到4进行分级。每只小鼠在8月龄后每4个月检查一次，部分小鼠在2月龄后也进行了检查。在几乎所有类别中，分级评分和发生率在4或6月龄时开始增加，并随着年龄增长在SAM-P和SAM-R中持续上升。然而，SAM-P中的增加比SAM-R中更明显。SAM-R中缓慢但稳定的增加在24月龄时趋于平稳，与SAM-P中12月龄时相当。在8月龄的SAM-P/1和12月龄的SAM-R/2中，该分级评分系统的总分与检查后的剩余寿命长度之间均存在显著的负相关。使用该分级评分系统进行的系统而广泛的研究表明，如果基于每个类别随年龄增长变化的“不可逆性”和“普遍性”来判断该系统的有效性，那么大多数类别对于评估衰老程度是有效的。这种分级评分系统是一种独特、有用且便捷的评估小鼠衰老程度的方法。
