Soulier J P, Garretta M, Benamon D, Drouet J, Courouce-Pauty A M
Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol. 1978 Mar;21(2):511-21. doi: 10.1016/s0338-4535(78)80090-7.
Some agglutination tests for HBs Ag and anti-HBs detection may be easily automated. Reverse hemagglutination, needing a lengthy incubation and several steps to carry out is unfit for Groupamatic, but hemagglutination inhibition and latex agglutination may be used. Hemagglutination inhibition using selected human red cells (ORh+) coated with cesium chloride purified HBs Ag, has been now routinely used at the C.N.T.S. with visual reading for almost 2 years. Negative and positive controls are necessary. The anti-HBs serum utilized has to be checked daily to get sensitive detection. Every new batch of coated red cells (valid 4 to 6 weeks) is checked in microtiter plates in the laboratory, before being used on Groupamatic. Both positive and dubious results are systematically retested in RIA. We found only 0,5% of false positive. The sensibility of the test compared favourably with other third generation test as reverse hemagglutination. It was close to the results obtained with radio-immuno-assay or enzyme-immuno-assay and it was more sensitive than counter-immuno electrophoresis. 65,472 samples were tested in parallel: we were able to detect 97% of HBs Ag detected by RIA. False negative results were less than 1 per 10 000 and may be avoided by using citrated solution for the anti-HBs serum dilution (suppression of auto-agglutination of the red cells). Antigex TG (the most active batch of latex coated with guinea pig, anti-HBs antibody) made by Pfizer, gave good results on Groupamatic and automatic reading was possible. But more results are necessary using various batches, before to recommend such reagent.
一些用于检测乙肝表面抗原（HBs Ag）和抗-HBs的凝集试验可以很容易地实现自动化。反向血凝试验需要长时间孵育且操作步骤较多，不适合自动分析仪，但血凝抑制试验和乳胶凝集试验可以使用。使用经氯化铯纯化的HBs Ag包被的特定人类红细胞（ORh+）进行的血凝抑制试验，目前已在法国国家输血中心（C.N.T.S.）常规使用近2年，采用肉眼判读。阴性和阳性对照是必需的。所用的抗-HBs血清必须每天检查以确保检测灵敏。每一批新的包被红细胞（有效期4至6周）在用于自动分析仪之前，都要在实验室的微量滴定板中进行检测。阳性和可疑结果都要系统地用放射免疫分析（RIA）重新检测。我们发现假阳性率仅为0.5%。该试验的灵敏度与反向血凝等其他第三代试验相比具有优势。它接近放射免疫分析或酶免疫分析所获得的结果，并且比对流免疫电泳更灵敏。对65472份样本进行了平行检测：我们能够检测出RIA检测到的97%的HBs Ag。假阴性结果每10000份中不到1例，通过使用枸橼酸盐溶液稀释抗-HBs血清（抑制红细胞的自身凝集）可以避免。辉瑞公司生产的Antigex TG（最活跃批次的涂有豚鼠抗-HBs抗体的乳胶）在自动分析仪上效果良好，可以进行自动判读。但在推荐这种试剂之前，还需要使用不同批次进行更多检测。
